Real Time Micro-focus X-ray is an extension of digital radiography and uses related technology to that used for scanning electron microscopy. It enables X-ray images to be viewed in real-time and allows for computerised treatment of the images to enhance resolution or to enable pattern-recognition algorithms to be used. Its main application is to the inspection of electronic components and small critical parts.
TWI Resource
TWI has acquired an X-Tek HMX225 micro-focus X-ray system. This is an advanced system, capable of resolving details down to 5μm, and with up to 160 times magnification. It has the following characteristics:
- 5 μm Focal Spot Reflection Target Xray Source, 25 - 160 kV or 25 to 225 kV, 0 - 2000 μA (non-continuous) 60 or 225 Watt
- 5 axis fully programmable manipulator
- Maximum scan area 480 x 510mm (480 x 680mm in 2 scans)
- Geometric Magnification up to: 160x
- System Magnification up to: 400x
- Feature recognition: down to 1μm
The sample can be manipulated with 5 axes of freedom, whilst continuously viewing the image on a monitor. Defects can be rapidly located, zooming in for detailed analysis.
The system converts the X-ray shadow into a visible image, which is recorded by a digital video camera and displayed on a monitor. The magnification of the sample depends on its position between the X-ray source and intensifier. The associated software enables contrast enhancement, image integration and background subtraction. When used for PCB inspection, a so-called 'Golden Image' can be created of a perfect component. The image obtained for a PCB in production can then be subtracted from the Golden Image. Differences indicate possible flaws in the production component.
Applications
In addition to the application of microfocus X-ray to the inspection of PCBs, TWI also uses it to inspect many small safety critical components, particularly for the aircraft /aerospace industries – gauges, valves, sensors, turbine blades, etc. TWI is also currently investigating its use as one technique in an integrated system for PCB inspection. This work is being under-taken in the Microscan collaborative project partly funded by the European Commission. www.microscan.eu.com
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